21st century has witnessed the worst of terrorism. Schools can be easy target. So it is essential to have an evacuation plan for the safety of small children. Apart from this there may be some other emergency for which the importance of having an evacuation plan is necessary.
Schools must have multiple exits leading to various sides of the building. In case one side is blocked, there will be other choices in going out. A bench mark time for evacuation from the building is to be recorded under normal conditions. During this time the flow of students through the building is found out.
Evacuation can be necessary before, after or during a disaster. The evacuation plan includes the following features: detection of the problem area, decision, alarms, control reaction of people, movement of the crowd to safety and then transportation.
Emergencies can be various like fires and terrorist activity like a bomb threat, or natural calamities like a hurricane, flood and even a volcanic eruption, or nuclear and industrial accidents. Basically there is one evacuation plan but there must be strategies for handling different situations.
Quickly a decision has to be taken regarding the routes that are safe and the people who are to be approached for help. Alarms are important in any emergency because it alerts the whole crowd of people together. Alarms can be auditory or visual. Alarms can also warn the local authorities.
As soon as the scare or threat reaches every one the first reaction is panic and fear. But in-charges are to be trained how to handle a crowd. Children can be tough to handle at times of emergency but the right words and the right instructions can make it easy to handle them.
During an evacuation, the children are to be led to proper exits away from danger, into safer refuges. There should be proper markings to show the way to the doors. In case of fire, smoke can obstruct vision. So there must be instruction and arrows at the bottom level on the walls too. They must be bright and easy to spot.
It is the responsibility of the school to hand over the children to the respective parents in safety. So give clear instruction to parents as to where to collect the children. If transporting the children is the schools responsibility, then the children have to be guided to the vehicles.
The most important part of the evacuation plan is the execution of the plans properly. The school must train its staff and teachers beforehand how to deal in case there is an emergency in school. Also the emergency communication systems like the radio or the phones should be always checked and functional. Do remember to test your evacuation plan beforehand and find out how effective it is.
Well established evacuation plans hasten the process of evacuation and thus can save more and more individuals. Evacuation plans give specific instructions that help to deal with panic stricken people and also helps in restoring normalcy after the crisis is over.
Source: http://www.securityworldnews.com/2011/10/03/the-importance-of-having-an-evacuation-plan-in-school/
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